Aircraft ASW (ASW).

Modernization of the IL-38 naval aviation of the Russian Navy could begin later this year
 

Moscow. January 10. Interfax-AVN - End state joint tests and to begin modernization of the Il-38 maritime aircraft of the Russian Navy is scheduled for later this year. 
"In the autumn of last year received a positive preliminary report on the customer upgraded IL-38, equipped with a pilot's sighting system (PPS)" Novella. "After that, the car was transferred to the state joint tests, which will last about a year", - has informed "Interfax-AVN," Director General Aviation Complex Ilyushin Viktor Livanov. 
According to him, at the end of the year is planned to start combatant modernization of IL-38 naval aviation of the Russian Navy. On the upgraded IL-38 instead of the automated search system ppitselnoy "Bepkut" set PPP "Novella" development holding company "Leninist." It includes high-resolution radar, television-thermal imaging subsystem, an infrared sensor, radiogidroakusticheskie system, a magnetometer and a system of signals intelligence (the latter is installed above the fuselage in the nose of the aircraft). 
PPPs "Novella" detect aerial targets at a distance of 90 km, surface - up to 320 km. The system is able to simultaneously hold in the field of view up to 32 targets.
 

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Anti-submarine defense is the biggest headache for fleets of all countries. Despite the efforts of decent solution to this problem is not found. According to forecasts of overseas experts detect submarines with sufficient probability it will be possible not earlier than 2020.

For large-scale work on the perspective planes PLO began in the late seventies. That's when work began on the future bomber Tu-202, but so far only in the role anti-aircraft to replace the Tu-142. A decade later, there were projects flying boat and the A-40 patrol aircraft Tu-204P."Albatross" was created to replace the Naval Aviation in the Be-12 and Tu-204P - IL-38.

In the late eighties - early nineties as an alternative to the Tu-202 long-range antisubmarine aircraft was offered on the basis of IL-96, known as Il-120 index.

In the nineties, due to a reduction in defense spending, all of this "motley" the company decided to replace one type of aircraft - anti-submarine version of the front-line bomber Su-34.

Scraps of information on this machine is equipped with a lightweight version of the complex "Sea Dragon" by holding "Leninist", consisting of a synthetic aperture radar, optical and radar sensors, a magnetometer system RSL (72 buoys), the apparatus intelligence and electronic warfare.

Of course a multifunctional machine, in addition to half the gross weight, is clearly inferior to a specialized aircraft, but with low efficiency of aircraft ASW maybe it is correct. In an extreme case such a machine can be switched to other tasks.

Even more interesting option might be a modification of the Su-33KUB, which will eventually equip these aircraft and future aircraft carrier.

Unfortunately, even in this abridged version of the problem is complicated by the low rate of production of Su-34. Planned for 2010 a regiment of these aircraft do not provide even the replacement of the Su-24, not to mention other problems.

Tu-204P/Tu-330P

Presumably work on anti-submarine version of the Tu-204 began in the mid - late eighties. The details of this project are unknown dosih far. Chances are intended to equip the machine being developed at the time the complex "Emerald" or its further development, a system of "Sea Dragon".

Article from the book "ASW aircraft," Artemev AM 2002.

... Thus, there was a system that has received a neat name - "Emerald" (Id-8). It consisted of a 68-channel receiver, "Volkhov", processing equipment, and sonar mapping information; antenna-feeder device pairing blocks "Emerald" with the "Berkut", already mentioned buoys RSL-16.Also provided for the navigation subsystem provides higher accuracy of navigation and tactical tasks. 
Tests of Eid-8 were conducted from April 4 to 13 November 1990 with the implementation of 20 flights, the raid was 58 h. They showed that under comparable conditions range submarine detection buoys RSL-16 higher than when using RGB-1A in two or three. On the positive properties of the system included the ability to monitor DoD exposed buoys with onboard equipment, regardless of contact with the submarine, the number of channels that provide listening buoys RSL-16 (RSL-1A) increased to 64 (24 in the "Golden Eagle") the opportunity to choose optimal penetration of the hydrophone (fixed installation 20, 150 and 300 m) to account for the peculiarities of the hydrological conditions in the search area. 
According to the tests, a search using the EID obtained range submarine detection in the area of 6 km of the sea depth of 1500 meters at the combined blast (EID undermined point of setting the buoy, which is necessary to make a second call). However revealed some significant shortcomings of the method: the difficulty of confirmation of contact and distance to the submarine, the localization of its location, which led to doubt the objectivity of these tests and the feasibility of its practical application to find, much less to monitor. 
Even before the trial in January 1990 repair plant at number 30 in the town of Pushkin is one of the aircraft on 24 oplap dd equipped with a prototype of the "Emerald-8". By the end of 1992 production models of equipment installed on the five aircraft by mid-1996 added seven more. By this time the parts have remained the engineering staff, who had a great experience, and therefore maintenance of the new system did not cause much difficulty. After installing the system on the plane to reflash the cassette-only memory a computer. 
... In 2000, the organization that developed the system of "Emerald-8", changed its name and became a Research Institute of Systems Engineering Holding Company "Leninist." She went on for several years researching and developing PPPs, called in export performance "Sea Dragon". 
The system is intended for a wide range of problems solved by patrol aircraft (search and destroy submarines, electronic surveillance of the sea surface, minefields, and anti-task ), compensating for the shortcomings of the previous generation of airborne equipment, and can legitimately be called a multi-purpose electronic systems. In addition to problems of military provides for solving problems of search and rescue at sea disasters at sea and meet the challenges of monitoring the sea surface. 
The complex "Sea Dragon" consists of several subsystems: radar; radiogidroakusticheskie, magnetometer, radio-and thermal-optical intelligence; computing; navigation support equipment. 
In addressing problems of anti-major information search tool is radiogidroakusticheskie subsystem. It is designed to receive and process information from the buoys to 96 channels. It is composed of passive non-directional beacons RSL-41; passive towards the RSL-48, active buoy emitter RSL-58. They provide for their discovery of the submarine noise in the infrasonic and audible frequency ranges, the measurement of their bearing, and find the coordinates of the submarine using active buoys. The complex includes intelligence apparatus hydrological discharged with two buoys. Radiogidroakusticheskie system is designed in a modular fashion and provides a full cycle of receiving and processing of 8 floats. 
All buoys have a weight of 10.5 to 16 kg, a diameter of 120 - 150 mm and lengths from 1000 to 1260 mm. 
Ras tunable transmitter and pulse power 25 kW used waveguide grating with mechanical scanning in azimuth. Radar provides high noise immunity, and accumulation mezhobzornoe constant frequency of false alarms, support to pass (without loss of vision). It is assumed that the detection range of sliding devices submarine (effective scattering area within a radius of 1 square. M) can reach 30 - 35 km. The modular design allows the radar to increase its function. 
Container radar data processing and provides mezhperiodnuyu mezhobzornuyu processing of radar signals. 
a fundamentally new means of detecting radio buoys are RTB-81 to detect submarines by their magnetic moment with the subsequent transfer of information over the air on the plane. Optical-television system designed for detection, tracking and classification of surface targets, with thermal and optical contrast visibility in daylight. It consists of two channels: television and thermal imaging, located on a rotating platform with gyroscopic stabilization of roll and pitch in the range of 30 deg. The system can operate in the field of view pointing in the desired direction on the preliminary target designation, manual or automatic control from the control computer complex. 
The system of electronic intelligence is absolutely necessary in a patrol plane. It is composed of antenna receivers, the different functional units (detection, direction finding), as well as the coprocessor signals. In solving the problems of anti-system operates in the primary and standby modes, enabling the detection, identification and direction finding radio aids submarines at ranges exceeding the radio horizon. 
Managing a computer system used to process information from secondary systems and management of the entire complex. In the standard situation, the two operators manage information systems and solve tactical problems, the third operator controls the operation of radar and electronic intelligence system. On a unified set of large-workplace colored rectangular liquid crystal displays and liquid crystal display panel. On the indicators come from the processed data systems, alphanumeric and symbolic information counters. In order to improve the ergonomic features a unified workplace for the design of the complex have sought to minimize the number of controls on the remote and are only necessary in this mode, the operator controls. 
navigational support equipment designed to determine and the issuance of a mating device current flight parameters for the control of the aircraft in semi-automatic and automatic modes.
 

After 2000, the company "Tupolev" offered an updated set of MO-based prospective PLO military transport aircraft TU-330 .

... The management of "Tupolev" expects that the Ministry of Defence will take an interest in the project patrol aircraft Tu-330. 
"Defence Ministry has already expressed interest in the project patrol aircraft Tu-330 because its performance will be significantly greater than the specified design characteristics and anti-submarine patrol this type of aircraft - the Tu-204P "- curled" Interfax-AVN, "on Friday, Chief Designer of OAO" Tupolev "Igor Shevchuk. 
In his words, "a variant of the Tu-330 with engines NK-93 obtained by the unique performance characteristics, in particular for loitering regime, significantly exceeding the performance characteristics of the aircraft Tu-204P . " 
"A number of improvements to extend the capabilities of the new car as the patrol and antisubmarine and can actively use it in other operations over the sea," - said general designer. 
All that has been achieved the design of the aircraft Tu-204P will be used to create a patrol variant of Tu-330. Degree of commonality and continuity of the new machines and systems design in comparison with the aircraft Tu-204P up to 70% said Igor Shevchuk. 
Speaking of the power plant of TU-330, IV Shevchuk said that "OAO Tupolev - the only bureau that supports the creation NK-93 engine with thrust of 18-19 tons. " 
"He is fully satisfied with the creators of the Tu-330 under the load of 30 tons, followed by the development of the aircraft. In addition, this engine meets the future requirements of the ICAO noise and emission of harmful substances", - said I. Shevchuk. 
Previously, he said "IF-AVN" that ordering directorates of the Defense Ministry is preparing a technical specification for development of the Tu-330 transport version.
 

Now the system, "Sea Dragon" in the version upgrade of IL-38 is known as "Novella"

... The first flight of the upgraded IL-38N with the layout of the perspective of search and navigation sighting system, "Novella" ("Sea Dragon") was held in the spring of 2001. Since November 2002, are the state tests of the complex, scheduled to complete by the end of this year. Provides for conversion of most of the armament of naval aviation aircraft IL-38 and IL-38N standard 20-m aircraft repair plant in the town of Pushkin near St. Petersburg. 
Designed to equip the naval aviation system, "Novella" is capable of detecting airborne targets at a distance of 90 km, surface - up to 320 km. At the same time keeps the system in the field of view 32 targets both above and under water. It is used to conduct underwater radar, surface and aerial reconnaissance, target acquisition gives weapons. 
Complex "Novella" combines a digital computer to control stations for the two operators, each equipped with 13-inch liquid crystal display, and the post commander, equipped with a large monitor. "All the units are interconnected via a special bus. This solution enables the integration of any destination equipment on the customer's choice" - the source said. 
According to data from public sources, today in the Northern Fleet aircraft are ten IL-38 in the Pacific Fleet - 15 machines of this type and a few more - at the Center for training and retraining of crews of naval aviation of the Russian Navy at an airbase in the town of Ostrov (Pskov region).