Prospective helicopters

During the international exhibition "HeliRasha-2008" held at the Crocus Expo ", General Director of JSC" Helicopters of Russia Andrei Shibitov said that the formation of scientific and technical reserve (NTZ) for advanced models of helicopters will spend 15 billion rubles. This amount is incorporated into the complex target program for development of the helicopter by 2015 According to A. Shibitova, these funds will be directed to the first phase of research and development activities and the formation of NPOV. "This program has started and is on the stage of concrete sections. In particular, we develop solutions in the field of bearing systems of various types. After 3 - 5 years we expect to go to the specific testing of promising designs ", - said Andrei Borisovich. He also said that the creation of NPOV on machines other than prospective domestic Institute JSC "Helicopters of Russia" intend to attract and foreign firms.
While the industry is mainly used NTRP Soviet period. Over the past four years were exported more than 200 combat and transport and combat helicopters worth more than $ 1.5 billion "- told reporters at a" HeliRasha-2008 "Head of the Department of Rosoboronexport, Alexander Mikheyev. Most of the deliveries are well-established over the years the family of helicopters, Mi.
As sensational statement was made at the exhibition director general of Zaporozhye Motor Sich Vyacheslav Boguslaeva that his company intends to deploy the aircraft repair plant in Bykovo and Dubna Machine-Building Plant assembly line production of engines for helicopters, purchased the Russian Defense Ministry. "We are ready to invest about $ 80 million in only one of these sites", - said V. Boguslayev.
The second sensation was the message of leadership "Oboronprom - signed an agreement under which Oboronprom become a distributor of products of the Italian-British company Agusta / Westland." Under the agreement, up to 2012 in Russia planned to sell the helicopters manufactured by Agusta / Westland in the amount of about 450 million euros. Already in 2008 the western European company intends to sell 10 helicopters for $ 65 million. In the second phase of cooperation Oboronprom and Agusta / Westland "create in Russia a number of service centers for servicing helicopters. Also in 2010 it is planned to deploy an assembly (screwdriver) the production of medium-lift helicopters AW139 (presumably in Lyubertsy pilot plants Kamov).
Promising models of domestic helicopters were shown on "HeliRasha-2008" in the models. This is a concept model of high-speed Ka-90 Ka-92, Mi-X1, etc. All projects are at the stage of preliminary investigations. At a press conference the company to them. NI Kamov was stated that with an appropriate financing similar machines capable of speeds up to 400 km / h, can climb into the sky in 10 - 12 years.
However, current funding levels do not allow to realize the less technically risky projects helicopters Mi-58 and Mi-46 and Ka-115 and others proposed by the developers for more than 15 years ago. Employees helicopter NIO-5 TsAGI, summarizing the status of the promising developments, so to speak to our reporter: "a lot of work, and we are getting smaller." In the SRI industry continues the process of aging personnel, which may negate any long-term management plans Oboronprom and its subsidiary company "Helicopters of Russia". Practice shows that it is impossible to keep a science, if people do not pay the money they deserve.

Promising carrier helicopter Ka-40.

"Marine helicopters ..."

Michael Nicholas' aviAMaster "4 / 2000.

For several years in Lyubertsy on HSTC of NI Kamov work is underway to develop advanced, shipboard helicopter Ka-40.

The helicopter is made by traditional firm Kamov coaxial rotors with two counter-rotating.Application of the coaxial scheme to reduce the overall size, which is very important for ship-based helicopters.

Ka-40 is planned to deliver two new CCD-3000 TBA takeoff power of 1,864 kW (TBG TVZ-117 installed on the Ka-27, have a take-off power to 1641kVt). The major advantage of CCD TVA-3000 is an opportunity to develop emergency power 2,796 kW for 30 seconds, which is especially important in the case of an emergency landing. Normal takeoff weight will be 12-13 tons and a maximum takeoff 14-15 m.

In comparison with the Ka-27, the new ship's helicopter will be more economical and reliable. It is intended to equip more sophisticated onboard digital electronic equipment and armament.Application of a new on-board electronics allow the Ka-40 act in bad weather and at night. The composition of search equipment will include new passive sonobuoys buoys RSL-16-1, operating in the frequency range of 5.2 kHz. Buoy may be set from a helicopter flying at any speed and located at altitudes ranging from 150 to 2000 m at sea up to 5 points.

At the armed includes new anti-submarine torpedoes with water jets, controlled depth bombs KAB-250PL and cluster depth charges RBC-100 PLAB-UK. Depth bombs KAB-250PL can hit submarines at depths to 600 m. The cluster bomb RBK-100 weighs 125 kg and contains six small depth charges. Regular Russian anti-submarine weapon is the aircraft anti-submarine missile APR2 weighing 575 kg. The rocket reaches a speed of 115 km / h and low noise can destroy submarines at depths ranging from 300 to 500 m. At present, developing a new rocket APRZ with water jets instead of solid propellant rocket engine installed in a rocket APR-2.

The Ka-40 is designed for use against submarines, as search and rescue, reconnaissance and targeting systems for the-horizon targeting missiles.

Despite the lack of funding, the Navy is extremely interested in the new high-performance shipborne helicopters, in particular, because of the need to compensate for a significant reduction of anti-helicopter due to the withdrawal from the Navy aircraft carrying cruisers. However, all the same chronic lack of funds does not allow time to call the work is completed to develop advanced machines.

We also know that this machine is built in a modular fashion, similar to the Ka-26.

Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov Ka-50 Black Shark
NATO designation: HOCUM - A
Combat attack helicopter

   That is capable of this extraordinary machine - foreign aviation experts have learned in the last international aerospace show in Farnborough. There's the first time, demonstrated the world's first single helicopter gunships, equipped with an armored cab and reliable system recovery. For the organizers of the Russian Air Show exhibit was a surprise, although the aircraft in this class there were a quarter century ago.

   As you know, the first helicopters for military purposes sporadically employed Americans even during the Second World War. In the Korean War 1950 -1953's helicopter transported on small units, evacuated the wounded, as well as pilots shot down over the territory of the DPRK or the open sea. They acted very efficiently and soon the number of cars increased from 25 to 125.

   In August 1964, after the so-called "Gulf of Tonkin incident", the Americans (again, they are, but what can you do!) Began aerial bombing of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and took the fight with the guerrillas, supported by opponents of the Washington-sai gonskogo regime. To transport troops "Ranger" and fire "suspicious" parts of a serial multi-purpose machine. However, the heavy, unwieldy helicopter of this class were not suitable for operational support of the troops fire from the air. Therefore, in 1967, the company Bell produced a relatively small, maneuverable fighting AH-1 Cobra Hugh, who was carrying a guided and unguided rockets, "air - ground, rate of gun or guns. And in the same year experimental design bureau Mil and Kamov NI samples provided military vehicles of similar purpose. Preference is given to transport and Mi-24 combat.

   Note that the Americans did not immediately decide to acquire a purely military machine in 1979, "Sikorsky has released version stroke multipurpose UH-60 Black Hawk." He was an all-metal, with two turbine-powered rotor blades kept hitting caliber bullets, the armor protects the seat two pilots and some units, the latter being partially duplicated in the event of damage during the shelling from the ground. Lower cargo cabin mounted short wings with nodes suspension for 16 anti-tank missiles "Toy" or "Hellfire", as well as four tapes from which the flight at low altitude were thrown up to 320 anti-personnel or antitank mines.

   Similarly, in 1984 and entered the British, turning it into a combat formation seven years of multi-purpose "Westland" UUC-13 "Lynx." Power two turbine engines was enough to give him sufficient speed and agility. The blades and tail rotor of the completed composite materials advanced navigational and other equipment (radar reconnaissance, target acquisition and weapon control borrowed from the American "Apache") allows the crew to operate not only during the day and night, but in any weather. Lynx-3 guided antitank missiles were armed with "Toy" or "Hot" protivosamoletnymi Stinger and gun, 20 or 30 mm.

   - And our specialists EDO two decades ago believed that, in addition to transport, need and helicopter gunships, - said Deputy General Designer VA Kasyanikov. - Because no one confuses the coexistence in the army in general, similar but different in purpose armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles and tanks. Alas, they did not listen ...

   But the Americans in 1972, announced a contest for a purely military, all-weather helicopter weighing 7.2 tons, which develops at least 320 km / h. Six participating firms, but the finish line came just two samples - Bell AH-63 and the Hughes AH-64. In 1976, the military tested on three copies and chose the AN-64, which was given a proper name "Apache."

   Unlike his predecessors, his cabin and the most important units are protected by armor, which is not penetrated large-caliber bullets. Under the rotor, the bottom of the fuselage, wings stuck at high speeds to create additional lift, but mainly serves for the suspension of missile "Toy". In addition. the helicopter had a 30-mm gun after 13 years Arsenal Alacha "replenished missile Sidewinder," for defense against fighters, "Toy" was replaced with the latest "Hellfire", fitted with two shaped-charge warhead and radar homing head. These missiles can attack moving armored targets at a distance of 6 km. Implemented, and radar weapons control system, "Longbow", its antenna is located above the rotor head, so the crew can monitor the situation because of the shelter - as the submarine through the periscope.

   In 1976, a competition for a combat helicopter and announced in the USSR. He was to replace the Mi-24. Kamovtsy proposed Ka-25F, but preference is given to Mi. But in the bureau named NI Kamov had the opportunity to thoroughly review the experience of U.S. helicopter pilots in Vietnam and, later, the Soviets in Afghanistan. In particular, it causes loss of 333 of our helicopters, many of which knocked off the land.

   Attacking enemy positions, the helicopter must go to the target at the minimum height, hugging the ground, and caught in the crossfire - instantly change course and altitude. In this case, the fuselage should be as narrow as possible to reduce the chances of failure to meet the flying shells and bullets. It turned out, we should immediately abandon the second pilot, with what at first flatly disagreed military, referring to the Americans - no wonder, they say. those planted in the cockpit of the two: one goes down, the second lead car on the base. Kamovtsy reasonably reminded of the famous attack aircraft IL-2 and Su-25, where the pilot to cope with flying, and military work, and security is provided armored protection. According to this principle designed Ka-50 ...

   Carried it out on the traditional "firm Kamov twin-screw scheme, equipping powerful weaponry - 12 supersonic anti-tank guided missiles," Whirlwind "(at a distance of 10 km, they punched 900-mm armor), blocks of eight dozen 80-mm unguided missiles, air - ground "missiles to counter air attacks. There is also a 30mm cannon, rotating in the horizontal and vertical planes, with selective ammunition supply. Usually the tape to aviapushek alternately stacked fragmentation and armor-piercing rounds, which leads to their unreasonably high costs - explained the chief designer Sergey Mikheev .- Say, fired a tank, and he high-explosive projectiles that the elephant's grain.Ka-50 two of shell box - for 250 armor and the same number of fission bombs. Selecting the target, the pilot switches the weapon to the desired mode of fire - if the tank, then shoots only armor-piercing. Applied the Tula gun 2A42, which is equipped with armored personnel carriers.And there is a reason. Standard aerogun when shooting cooled air flow from them are firing short bursts. Attack helicopters operating at low altitudes, in a dusty atmosphere, contra airborne systems. A2A42 created precisely for such conditions and not afraid of long lines.

   Firepower Ka-50 combined with a unique flying characteristics, which is largely determined by its structural scheme. Only the coaxial helicopter is capable of a sudden the enemy to go sideways at 90 km / h or overnight work out the "full speed astern" - as a notorious UFO. Unlike the single-rotor machines, it does not threaten the deformation or breakage of the long beams, which passed at the end of tail rotor. Yes, and climb coaxial superior single screw, in which a fair share of engine power shown on the tail rotor, and lift the two screws much more.

   Ka-50 equipped with a perfect navigational flight equipment. In particular, the display, which is fed information on the status of major units and systems, coupled to an automatic card kursoprokladchikom continuously fixing the location of a flying helicopter, equipment, receiving information on targets and their surroundings from ground observation posts and other helicopters and aircraft, alarm device that the machine is exposed to other people's radar a word, everything was done to facilitate the work of the pilot

   Our main aim was to provide him with full confidence in the technique and that in any situation is guaranteed rescue - underlined Kasyanikov - last provided a kind of complex It includes first fully armored cabin that withstands a direct hit by 23-mm projectiles and its glazing not terrible blows debris and heavy bullets Here's a good example lumbago after traction screw it continued to serve as an add if in power plant will get a shell or a rocket engine power of the surviving enough that the car went flying.

   Second Ka-50 marked the beginning of helicopters equipped with pilot ejection seats even 10 years on the back like that was considered impossible because it fired up just as the plane sweeps rapidly rotating propeller on the Ka-50 bailout is just a 2 - after the pilot blows over the knob, once from strelivayutsya blades of both propellers cleared canopy, a special jet device makes a man up at the same time open canopy It is worth adding that the bailout may at any height, starting with zero.

   The design of the Ka-50 embodied many technical innovations and unique engineering solutions example, over 30% of the elements and parts made of composite materials including two-spar rotor blade. The first such blades, we have manufactured and applied in a universal Ka-26 back in 1965 - recalled CB Mikheev - design and technology patented in 1961 m. The Ka-50 introduced and composite bearing so nearly eight dozen sites lubrication is not required But it is very easy maintenance and helicopter makes it safer.

   Deputy Head of engineering design in and Doreen said that the wing with pendants for the combat load, and both fuel tanks are arranged in the rotor, where the center of mass and, hence, fuel and ammunition did not affect the alignment - another concern is less with the pilot As for the fuel tanks, they usually do them in contact with metal, however, bullets and shells from them break off the fiery fragments upon impact, which ignited the fuel and on the Ka-50 tanks and a composite material, which is not heated by direct contact, and the resulting hole is delayed internal protector.

   When you look at the Ka-50 once you pay attention to his poor "fit" was found and it is not by accident - when serving helicopter airfield technicians do not need a stepladder Mikheyev said, and one more advantage of the Ka-50 instead of the usual aviation numerous narrow hatches and manholes set wide hinged hoods Hence, the service will take less time and increase the effectiveness of combat techniques. - We deliberately went to the violation of the known requirements - as to facilitate construction - said in And Doreen - On the contrary, in the hardpoints have built winch - only to facilitate and accelerate the work of gunsmiths who do not have to carry a very hefty gun equipped with machine gun ammo recharged in receiver is sufficient to insert the first three rounds, and the rest themselves take the place of her shell crate.

   Worth it to see that manufacture the Ka-50 with a frightening name "Black Shark" (other - "Werewolf" - featuring bared wolf snout was in the hangar) on the Moscow region, corporate airfield Cool down your nose, famously wrote out turns at low altitude, then speeding , almost went up steeply once again picked up speed in level flight and suddenly without turning rushed to the side, flew unusually - sideways short, it was the aerobatics in Helicopter The one who saw this summer, organizers, participants and visitors of the International Aerospace Show at Paris Le Bourget airport, and later in the suburban town of Zhukovsky.

   So "the firm Kamov" (until recently named OKB Kamov NI) once again confirmed its reputation recall that when she designs and produces successful helicopters of the coaxial scheme for different purposes, and now invited the Russian armed forces a unique combat helicopter.

   However, kamovtsy successfully equip and national economy of specialized and Rotary Wing there are also interesting developments for aircraft of the XXI century, but they are - a special subject ...

Ka-50-2 Erdogan "

   Ka-50-2 Erdogan is a deep modernization of the wellknown combat helicopter Ka-50 Black Shark. Ka-50-2 was the result of joint work of Russian vetoletnoy Kamov firm, the state company Rosvooruzheniye and Israeli companies - the manufacturer of aircraft equipment IAI - Israel Aircraft Industries Ltd.

   The idea of ​​"Erdogan" has arisen about 2,5 years ago, when Turkey announced plans to completely revamp its fleet of attack helicopters. Russia was already had a ready helicopter Ka-50 Black Shark, which was issued in an amount of only a few instances due to lack of funds to start the series. Nevertheless, even the prototypes of many impressed by their professional performance characteristics. Our party makes the bulk of the machine, designated Ka-50-2 Erdogan, the Israelis also be equipped with avionics and helicopter anti-tank missiles. In percentage terms, it looks like 80 to 20. A potential buyer met with Ko-50-2 last summer. The Turks were satisfied with what they saw. True, asked about making some changes. Thus, the pilots had not put together, and each other, and the gun made mobile.
Ka-50-2 is a highly versatile all-weather combat helicopter designed to perform the following tasks:

   Main tasks:

- Destruction of tanks and light armored targets, for which the helicopter is equipped with supersonic ATGM "Whirlwind" with a range destroy ground targets up to 8 km.
- Conducting reconnaissance of ground targets. To do this, the helicopter set stabilized television and infrared sensors, allowing to define the target for 20 km in the daytime and 13 km at night.

Additional tasks:

- Direct fire support for ground troops.
- The destruction of aerial targets missiles air-to-air missiles
Protective Systems Ka-50-2 include:
- Circular booking cabin providing protection from 12.7 mm armor-piercing bullets and fragments from the 23 mm shells.
- Screening of engines, which reduces the intensity of infrared radiation and reduces thus the probability of defeat missiles with infrared guidance head.
- The emergency rescue of the crew, which includes the ejection seat K-37-800 and the system of shooting blades.

   Design

   The fuselage has a leaking monoblock structure of rectangular cross section, divided into several branches. The fuselage is constructed of aluminum alloy and polymer composite materials (organic plastic, Carbon Fiber, plastic, honeycomb).

   Tail consists of vertical and horizontal stabilizer, at the ends of which are set wide aerodynamic ridges. Ka-50-2 has small wings that provide extra lift and serve for the suspension of various weapons and fuel tanks. Tricycle landing gear - nose, and two rear pillars, which are removed during the flight in the fuselage.

   Engines

   Ka-50-2 is equipped with two turbojet engines TV3-117VMA, which develops power of 2200 hp soaring.

   Avionics

    Avionics equipment (avionics), the helicopter has a centralized architecture that provides maximum integration of instruments and devices with control systems, which greatly facilitates the control of the helicopter. The control system is connected by two data buses MIL-STD-1553B MuxBus: Bus weapons and avionics bus. Bus weapons built on a protocol MIL-STB-1760B and connects the processor tasks and information display processor (MDP), which control avionics interface device arms (AIU), multi-purpose stable optical sighting system (HMOSP), helmet-mounted sight of the pilot (IHS) and wing Weapons Station. Avionics bus connects the following subsystems: Communication / identification, navigation, electronic warfare, etc. The architecture with two tires provides the functional independence of avionics and weapon control system that optimizes the flow of data and provides the ability to integrate with various weapons systems.Avionics Ka-50-2 allows the helicopter to fight both day and night in all weather conditions.

   REB system

   Ka-50-2 is equipped with systems such as active and passive ECM. The composition of this equipment includes:

- Receiver Warning irradiation radar;
- Early warning system for missile launches;
- Receiver Warning laser irradiation;
- The emission system chaff and infrared traps.

   Armament

   Ka-50-2 can carry weapons weighing up to 2.5 tonnes. Basic set of weapons includes ATGM missiles Air-to-air missiles, cannon and Nursi.

At the armed Ka-50-2 may include:

- 12 supersonic anti-tank guided missiles, "Whirlwind" laser-guided antitank guided missile, or 16 with an electron-optical guidance;

- 4 missile air-air "type" Stinger ";

- Rapid-firing 30-mm 2A42 automatic gun with a high muzzle velocity, the stock of shells - 240 and 230 armor-piercing explosive-incendiary, rate is adjustable from 350 to 600 in / min;

- 80-mm cassette Nursi.

    The new helicopter has been built specifically to participate in the tender to supply 145 combat helicopters to the Turkish army. The tender involved five firms: American - Boeing Helicopter AH-64 Apache and Bell Helicopters with AH-1 King Cobra, the Franco-German Eurocopter consortium with Tiger, the Italian Agusta A129 Mangusta Helicopter and Kamov Ka-50 with- 2.

   The basic version of the Ka-50 Black Shark "is a modification of one crew member. However, at the request of the Turkish side on the tender was submitted double modification that was not for the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov formidable task due to the modular design of the helicopter airframe.

   The first stage of the tender was held in Antalya (to the Ka-50-2 made a nonstop flight from Ankara) and included a flight plan, in which the determined performance characteristics of helicopters. Determinants were identified hovering ceiling, climbing and lifting.

   In addition, the program provides flights with firing. Russian helicopter showed themselves to advantage, it made sorties five Turkish crew, very favorably commented on the possibilities Ka-50-2. However, due to the lack of airborne sighting and navigation system, develops and manufactures IAI, flights to the combat use of weapons have been moved to July 1999

   The second stage of the tender will start in July and will run until November 1999 in March next year, the Turkish government will announce the winner. Turkey plans to organize the production of certain parts and components selected on the basis of a local helicopter aircraft maker Turkish Aviation Industrie.

   Despite the fact that Ka-50-2 has fulfilled all the requirements imposed by the Turkish side in the first stage of the tender, the organizers have launched a number of additional, related mainly to the adaptation of the Ka-50-2 to the standards of the arms and ammunition taken in NATO. The hardest challenge is to replace the standard limited mobility gun 2A42 30 mm caliber 20 mm turret gun French company GIAT. It will also require replacement of Russian units Nursi C-80 to 70 mm NATO. According to the experts also possible to substitute domestic ATGM "Whirlwind" on the American anti-tank missiles Hellfire. The Turkish military refused to and from the ejection seat K-37 and, respectively, from the shooting of rotor blades. Fulfilling these requirements kamovtsy developed a new version of the Ka-50-2 tandem with the crew, a French 20-mm gun turret on the flap under the bottom of the helicopter pilot's seat and a new British company Martin Baker. Tandem version of the helicopter had not yet left the stage a mock design.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the Ka-50:

Year of adopting - 1995
Crew - 1 person
Rotor diameter - 14.50 m
The length of the helicopter rotors - 15.90 m
Length of body helicopter - 13,5 m
Total height - 4,9 m
Width along the span of the wings - 7,3 m
Weight:
- Max - 10800 kg
- Empty helicopter - 7,692 kg
Hovering ceiling - 4000 m
Service ceiling - 5500 m
Practical flight range - 460 km
(With normal combat load)
Max g-load - 3, 5 units.
Engines - 2 x Klimov TV3-GTE 117VMA
Engine power - 2 x 2260 hp (2 x 1,660 kW )
Vertical rate of climb - 30 m / s
Maximum speed:
on a gentle dive - 390 mph
in level flight - 310 km / h
cruising speed - 270 km / h
flying sideways - 80 km / h
Flight ago - 90 km / h
Maximum weight of the combat load - 1811 kg

 Armed helicopters Ka-50:

Combat load of the helicopter reaches almost 2 tons of the armed might include anti-tank missiles, Nury different calibers, a guided missile air-to-air missiles, guns, bombs and other weapons.

In an antitank variant on underwing pylons can be suspended up to 12 anti-tank missiles "Whirlwind". These missiles will automatically suggest an air or ground target using a tip with a laser beam. These missiles have the armor to 900 mm and can destroy tanks at a distance of 8 km.

Ka-50 is armed with 30-mm rapid-2A42 cannon, which can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical planes. The gun is attached near the center of mass of the helicopter, which provides higher accuracy. In ammunition gun is 460 rounds of two types: armor piercing and high-explosive shells. Type of shells selected pilot. Each projectile weighs 0.39 kg, has a muzzle velocity of 980 m / s and a flight range of more than 4 km.

Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov Ka-52 Alligator
NATO designation: HOCUM - B
Combat attack helicopter

   Kamov "exhibited to the public two-seat version of the military attack helicopter Ka-50 Black Shark. The night before the presentation of the rotary-wing aircraft was called - "Alligator." "The image of an alligator can be very useful approaches Ka-52, a machine operating in expectantly-aggressive manner of a predator," - explained the company's general designer Sergei Mikheyev.

   Towards a new generation of combat vehicles Kamov firm started in the late 1970's. In 1982, the Ka-50 was first made a test flight, and four years later won the tender of the Ministry of Defence.

   Experienced prototype Ka-52 to 85% is based on "Black Shark". Designers have tried to potyazhelevshy tonne helicopter lost unique fighting qualities of the Ka-50. In contrast, two-seat Ka-52 had more opportunities in a night battle, he is now able to work as a group in constant contact with the ground command post. This helicopter is the first time in the world can give a fight enemy aircraft.

   In developing the "Alligator" was attended by foreign companies. The French "Thomson", for example, manufactured electronic equipment and televisions.

   Ka-52 series will be produced at Arsenyev aviation complex "Progress", which is soon to follow the example of Kamov firm, and will become part of MIC MAPA. " Entry into a formidable group, experts say, will create a good investment climate for launching a series of new machines. Manual MIC MAPO, in turn, confirmed that the production of combat helicopters will be one of the priority programs of the concern.

   In one version of "Alligator" qualifies as an export version, while the Ka-50 will be more oriented towards the domestic market.

   In the world of military aviation helicopters of this class traditionally doubles. "Black Shark" is a single pilot and the role of the operator of weapons on the principle of single-seater fighter performs automated on-board. Ka-52, by contrast, does not contradict the established rules and, moreover, can serve as a training machine.

   By some estimates, the cost of the Ka-52 ranges from $ 20 million Given the possibility of the helicopter, experts believe the price will be attractive to potential buyers. The machine is new, so that now it is difficult to compare with helicopters Western competitors: "Apache" (USA), Tiger (Germany-France), Royvalk (South Africa). According to the criterion of "efficiency-cost" Ka-52 leaves far behind its rivals.

   Ka-52 helicopter can be used for a wide range of complex tasks: to destroy enemy tanks to fight medlennoletyaschimi air targets, to conduct reconnaissance and combat support. Ka-52 retained almost all of the combat capabilities of the Ka-50, it is on par with the best attack helicopters of the world, although in some flight parameters it is still inferior to its single prototype.Ka-52 has an identical operation with two jobs. Both drivers if necessary can take control of the helicopter and weapons.

   The helicopter is installed emergency escape helicopter. It provides a rescue of two crew members in almost all possible in combat situations. Ka-52 is equipped with two ejection seats K-37 ejection system and rotor blades. Ka-52 has great combat capabilities when working at night and in adverse weather conditions than the single Ka-50. Accommodation pilots in the cockpit under the "side by side simplifies the interaction of crew members, reduces the time for action on the physical state or the ejection of the second pilot. The lantern is designed as a double cabin on the Su-24 and F-111, which provides the crew a good view and comfort. The level of booking the flight deck Ka-52 has no analogues in the world. Combat helicopter Ka-52 can be regarded as a combat-training machine, because it solves the problem of training air crews for themselves and for single Ka-50.

Key performance characteristics of Ka-52:

Crew - 2 people.
Rotor diameter - 14.50 m
The length of the helicopter rotors - 15.90 m
Weight:
Max - 10400 kg
empty helicopter - 7800 kg
Hovering ceiling - 3600 m
Service ceiling - 5500 m
Engine Type - 2 GTE Klimov TV3-117VMA
Power - 2 x 2260 hp (2 x 1,660 kW )
Practical flight range - 1160 km
Range - 520 km
Max g-load - 3,5 units.
Maximum speed:
on a gentle dive - 350 mph
in level flight - 310 km / h
flying sideways - 80 km / h
Flight ago - 90 km / h

   Ka-52 helicopter can carry on board the following equipment: 12 supersonic ATGM "Whirlwind", suggestive of a target by laser beam automatically aligned containers with machine gun and cannon armament, 80 unguided aircraft rockets caliber 80 mm, missiles, air-to-air , a helicopter equipped with a 30-mm 2A42 cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition. Combat load - 2000 kg for 4 hardpoints.

Yakovlev Design Bureau. Kamov Ka- 60 / 62 / 65
 Multi-purpose helicopter

    Helicopter Ka-62 helicopter is the first JSC "Kamov", performed on a single-rotor with tail rotor in the vertical fin. Development of the helicopter began in 1990 under the leadership of General Designer SV Mikheev own initiative, given the great need for the average multi-purpose helicopter for the national economy. Much attention in the design of the helicopter was drawn to improve its efficiency by increasing the cruising speed, reducing the specific fuel consumption and increasing the load ratio, as well as by reducing the complexity of maintenance. Especially for the Ka-62 KB Rybinsk Motors, GTE developed a new generation of RD-600, having the characteristics to the best foreign GTE. Base for the Ka-62 helicopter is selected, designed to carry cargo weighing up to 2500 kg external sling or 15-16 passengers per cabin. The first experimental helicopter Ka-62 was demonstrated at the aerospace show MAKS 1995 in Zhukovsky.

Tactical and technical characteristics of the Ka- 62 :

Year of development - 1992
Diameter of main rotor - 13,5 m
Length - 13.25 m
Height - 4,1 m
Weight, kg
- Empty - 3730
- Maximum Take-off - 6250
Engine Type - 2 GTE RD-600
Power - 2 x 1300 hp
Maximum speed - 300 km / h
Cruising speed - 260 km / h
Combat radius - 720 km
Rate of climb - 702 m / min
Service ceiling - 5000 m
Crew - 1-2 people

Payload: 16 passengers or 2500 kg of cargo.

Antitank helicopter Mi-28

Serial Mi-28N helicopters arrived in the Russian Federation Armed Forces. Morning of February 7, 2008 in the 344-m center training and retraining of the Army Air Force in Torzhok held celebrations on the occasion of income of the two first production Mi-28N Night Hunter. In the ongoing activities participated as part of the military led by the head of the Center Gen. AY Chernyaev, and numerous specialists of the Moscow Helicopter Plant im.M.L.Milya, providing an introduction to the structure of future combat vehicles.
Festive event marked the completion of an important phase of long-term employee Moscow Helicopter Plant im.M.L.Milya, their colleagues from Rostvertol, which carried out serial production of Mi-28N, as well as many other civilian and military helicopter aviation engaged in developing, testing, debugging, upgrading and introduction into production and operation of this long demanded a highly effective and advanced combat helicopters. 
The development of specialized attack helicopter gunship Mi-28 was launched under the leadership of General Designer of the Mil and continued by his successor, MN Tishchenko, MV Weinberg, and other leaders of the Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant. When you create a helicopter takes into account the whole experience of developing, testing and debugging, production and practical application of military helicopters "Mi" in the first place, the famous "helicopter soldier" Mi-24. Transport-combat helicopter Mi-24 is in service with more than three dozen countries and has participated in nearly forty wars and armed conflicts. Equally common in the world are, and other military "Mil" cars. For example, the Mi-8 helicopter (MI-17) is in service with eighty countries. Experience of foreign military helicopters as the highest consideration when creating a "Night Hunter".
Mi-28 program has coincided with a heavy time for our country and the economic crisis was accompanied by numerous dramatic events. Funding for the program was eliminated, finishing a helicopter suspended, etc. However, thanks to the joint efforts of many patriots of our homeland and enthusiasts of helicopter aviation, the development of the Mi-28N Night Hunter "a complete success, the helicopter was the main part of the joint state tests, commercialized and entered the army of the Army Air Force of Russia. At present, the Mi-28N is the final stage of the joint state tests and trial operation in the army during which will be to finalize the helicopter to the requirements of the Air Force. Refinement will take not more than fifteen years, after which a decision on acceptance of this helicopter into service. 
According to plans of commanders of the Russian Armed Forces, the Russian Air Force would buy each year for 10-15 cars with a consequent increase in their number, so that by 2015 fully upgrade the domestic fleet of combat helicopters. After staffing the regiment in Torzhok begin deliveries to other military units, primarily in the Air Force unit of the North Caucasian Military District. In addition to the Russian military interest in the Mi-28N show and many foreign customers.
"The new attack helicopter Mi-28N for their performance characteristics superior to all international rotary-wing machines of the same class and fully meets the highest requirements of modern combined arms battle" - said General Director of holding Russian Helicopters AB Shibitov - "We hope created by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant "Night Hunter" for years will serve as a reliable "sword and shield" Army aviation in Russia, as well as a source of stable income of our country through the international military-technical cooperation. "

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    Work on creating a new Mi-28 began in 1982. The first prototype car was first flown on 10 November 1982. Mi-28 is a further development of the helicopter Mi-24 and developed to replace it. Design support system is the same as that of the Mi-24 , but the blades are made ​​entirely of composite materials and have a high residual strength in fighting corruption. The engines are spaced at a maximum distance in order to avoid disruptions both in contact with the rocket in one of the engines. The engines are equipped with electronic control system and device of suppression of infrared radiation. Mi-28 is made ​​of single-rotor.

    The cockpit has a tandem pilot seats (the pilot is above and behind, and the operator of the front). The cabin is fully armored cockpit windows can withstand a direct hit by bullets caliber of 12,7 mm. Many systems and helicopter units are duplicated. The Mi-28 crew rescue system installed at low altitudes, which includes energy absorbing seats and landing gear with dual-chamber cushioning to allow the crew survival in case of emergency landings with vertical velocities at a meeting with the land up to 12 m / sec. The helicopter can perform its combat missions day and night. For this purpose it is equipped with opto-electronic channel with a TV system for low levels of illumination with a 20-fold magnification, laser rangefinder and night vision devices. At Mi-28 fitted with the following equipment: a modified tank gun 2A42 at turret, 30 mm caliber ammunition with a 300 rounds. At external sites can be suspended up to 16 ATGM "Assault" or "Attack-in" with the radar guidance system and two blocks of unguided aircraft rockets caliber 130, 80, 57 mm, also can be fitted containers with grenade launchers and cannons of 23 mm and pyatisotkilogrammovye bomb. The helicopter is a device for setting min. Under the wing can be placed 16 supersonic anti-tank guided missiles, "Whirlwind", which are induced on the target automatically by a laser beam.

   The design features a special compartment that can be placed 2 - 3 people, so Mi-28 can produce a rapid evacuation from the battlefield of the crew of another helicopter damaged. Mi-28 can be transported on military cargo aircraft IL-76 , AN-124 , AN-24. Time of preparing the helicopter to crash after unloading from the aircraft does not exceed one and a half hours.

Key performance characteristics of the Mi-28:

Crew - 2 people.
Rotor diameter - 17,2 m
Tail rotor diameter - 3,84 m
The length of the helicopter - 16.85 m
The height of the helicopter - 3,82 m
Weight:
Empty - 7890 kg
Max - 11500 kg
Normal - 10400 kg
Engine Type - 2 x Klimov TV3 FCD-117
Power - 2 x 1,630 kW (2 x 2215 hp)
Hovering ceiling - 3450 m
Service ceiling - 5750 m
Practical flight range - 460 km
Max g-load - 3,0 units.
Vertical rate of climb - 13,6 m / s
Maximum speed:
in level flight - 300 km / h
Cruising - 260 km / h
flying sideways - 100 km / h
Flight ago - 100 km / h

Armament: 1 x 30-mm 2A42 cannon with 300 rounds .

Combat load - 1605 kg for 4 hardpoints: 4 x 4 ATGM Assault or Attack-B and 2 PU SW-20-57 20h55-mm or HC-20-80 20h80-mm or 2 NUR PU with 130-mm NUR . Possible installing 2x2 SD air-to-air missiles R-60 containers with 23-mm cannon and 30 mm granatametami or 12.7-mm or 7.62-mm machine guns, or 500-kg bombs, mines or producers . In the wings - 16 ATGM Whirlwind .

Promising multipurpose Mi-40 / 42.

The exhibition "MOSAEROSHOW-92" in the pavilion of MSW. Mil was submitted drawing prospective helicopter - infantry fighting vehicle Mi-40 created on the basis of carrier circuits and power plant attack helicopter Mi-28. Mi-40 is designed to equip airborne units of the rapid deployment and has a built-gun, 23 mm, mounted in the bow remotely controlled turret of a new type that has an increased arc of fire. In addition, the helicopter is expected to arm promising ATGM and NAR.

Helicopter Avionics ensures its effective combat use in bad weather and at night.

Troopers from 8 -10 people housed in the fuselage and can be fired at ground targets from a staff weapon.

Helicopter infantry fighting vehicle (VBMP) MI-40 promotes the concept of world-renowned transport - combat helicopter Mi-24. The Mi-40 uses an all-weather vsesutochny sighting - flight - navigation system. 

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In the early 80's after the formation in the Soviet Army structures its Army Aviation Command began developing its own requirements for new Army helicopters. The basis of army aviation should be VBMP, which were intended to enhance the combat capabilities and mobility air assault, infantry and reconnaissance units. The task was to implement VBMP tactical landings, emergency transportation of troops, raiding with a lesion technique and enemy fire onboard weapons and air support combat troops on the ground in the capture and retention of objects and boundaries in the depth of enemy defenses. In addition, VBMP intended for decision support tasks, such as carriage of goods and equipment, evacuation of wounded, performing search and rescue, reconnaissance, communications, etc. In this case, they had to work under conditions of adequate actions the Army, ie, day and night in any weather, any terrain. They were required ruggedness of maintenance, ease of piloting, the ability to interface with communication devices, systems, logistics and armament of the Army. 
Specifying the Military-Industrial Commission of the Council of Ministers of the USSR to develop VBMP Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant. Mil received in March 1985. Ready by this time the Mi-40 project did not meet the high demands of the customer and therefore was rejected. Then the engineers of OKB headed by chief designer AN Ivanov started designing VBMP Mi-42 a principally new scheme. Compensate for the reaction torque rotor and to carry out directional control helicopter assumed no longer a familiar tail rotor, and using a new type system NOTAR, received in those years, the spread on light apparatus of the American firm Hughes. This system consisted of a gas-air channel inside the tail boom, in which the fan is fed compressed air coming under greater pressure from a number of slits and nozzles with baffles. When combined with an inductive flow under the rotor, the air coming out of the cracks formed on the beam lateral aerodynamic force, parrying reaction torque screw. Installed by the end of the beam nozzle with deflectors were used for directional control helicopter. The absence of a tail rotor was to ensure the safety of operating near the helicopter landing troops and improve the combat survivability of the machine. In addition, due to jet exhaust from the nozzle created an additional propulsive force necessary to achieve a specified customer requirements in high speed flight, 380-400km / h.
In addition to the system NOTAR according to customer's design of the Mi-42 were introduced and other innovations. The military demanded not only provide transportation to the office VBMP soldiers, but also to establish a heavy-weather sighting and flight-navigation system, increased bookings and powerful weaponry, almost no different from those on the "flying tank" Mi-28."Obschevoyskoviki" would, in essence, a flying BMP. Their appetites grew steadily: from requirements increase the need for ammunition weapons, used as the primary fuel diesel fuel to the demand to simplify the piloting of a complex machine enough to cope with the sergeant dvuhgodichnik etc.
All this greatly complicated the design of the machine. Designers could not manage to provide a specified quantity take-off weight of the helicopter. Instead of forced TVZ-117 engines, they had to consider other, sometimes quite unusual variants of engines, existing and prospective. To research scientists are actively involved VBMP TsAGI, CIAM, NIIAS and other institutions of the aviation industry and the customer. Preliminary design and full-scale model of the Mi-42 is redesigned. The efficiency of the system at such a difficult NOTAR helicopter was doubted, so I had to cancel and replace it with the tail rotor-fenestronom and located on the sides of the helicopter propulsion fans. In the end, experts have come to the conclusion that "... a helicopter in strict accordance with customers' specifications at present in our country's technological level of technology and instrument does not succeed." By the end of the 80's. Work on the Mi-42 were shut down. Currently, prospects of development programs VBMP seen only in the design of the helicopter on the basis of a dynamic system of the Mi-28N.
 

                             characteristics of the Mi-40

normal takeoff weight of 10,400 / 11,000 kg

maximum takeoff weight of 11,500 / 11,900 kg

Weight empty                                                                      /  8,170 kg

maximum speed of 295 / of over 300 km / h

static ceiling 3600 m

Operational range 460 km

Mi-42 project as it continues a line of development of the Mi-24 - Mi-40, but on a new technical level and with the use of emerging technologies.

Multipurpose VTOL Mi-30

articles from books, EI Różycki "European aircraft vertical takeoff, Astrel 2000

In 1972, the Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant. ML Mile under the guidance of MN Tishchenko was the initiative launched development project proposals of transport - passenger helicopter - Mi-30 aircraft with rotating propellers. In accordance with the adopted our terminology, he first called the helicopter-airplane, but then the cost centers, he got a new special name - vintoplan.     

The main task of designing a helicopter-airplane Mi-30 considers the provision of aircraft performance characteristics, especially speed and range, exceeding the performance of conventional helicopters. In the Mil Mi-30 was considered as a promising replacement of most common multi-purpose Mi-8 helicopters and intended for passengers (19 passengers or 2 tonnes of cargo). The estimated flight speed of 500 - 600km / h, range - 800 km, take-off weight - 10,6 tons

As the power plant was supposed to use two CCD TVZ-117, located above the fuselage, which should lead to the transmission through two turning unimportant tractor propeller with a diameter of 11m in nacelles at the wing tips.

In studies on the program Mi-30 took an active part of TsAGI, and soon jointly MVZ and TsAGI began construction of an aerodynamic test bench for rotary screw models. Designers Mil designed experimental radio-controlled flying model vintoplana to study in-flight transients, stability and control apparatus.

During development it was considered appropriate to increase the capacity of the Mi-30 to 3-5 tons and passenger capacity - up to 32 people, so the project vintoplana was redesigned for the installation of three uprated engines TVZ-117F, the diameter is unimportant pull screws increased to 12.5 m, and Takeoff weight - up to 15,5 m.

By the early 80-ies in the MVZ was worked out a number of possible layouts and schemes and designs of units of the Mi-30 and include analytical studies of problems of aeroelasticity system screw-wing and the dynamics of its construction, as well as aerodynamics and dynamics of flight regimes characteristic of transformed rotary-wing vehicles.

In August 1981, made the decision to develop a helicopter carrier with the transformed system (vintoplana) MI-30, corresponding to the technical proposal was submitted to the institutions of the MAP and military customers. Military approved the development, but required to equip vintoplan more powerful propulsion. Estimated weight at the same time increased to 30 tons

During the subsequent development of the type of power conditions SETTING repeatedly changed: to consider options vintoplanov with two or three engines TV7-117 and two D-27, respectively, take-off weight 11 tons, 20 tons and 30 tons were also carried out fundamental theoretical research in the field of strength , aerodynamics and dynamics, including calculations of eigenmodes vintoplana, some specific types of instability for him, balancing characteristics, modes of vertical autorotation, oscillations of the "air resonance", "chord flutter", "flutter gondolas.Defined as the mass of the carrier system and compared the transport efficiency vintoplana, helicopters and aircraft, the determination of the parameters of the screw and its efficiency and parameters of wing and tail, were chosen as settings propeller blades and the stresses in it. In MVZ were worked numerous design options propellers, wing, transmissions and other components.

Creating vintoplana Mi-30 was included in the program to develop weapons for 1986 - 1995. But, due to economic difficulties vintoplan never left the stage, analytical and engineering studies.

In Mil by 1991 had developed three different types of vintoplana: Mi-AIA and Mi-MLA, carrying capacity 3,2 t and 2,5 t and passenger capacity 21 and 11 people respectively and easier Mi-EVILS capacity 0.95 m designed to carry 7 passengers. The first two vintoplana with a maximum takeoff weight of 13 tons, carried on a "duck", intended to equip power plants of the two engines TV7-117, and a third, the usual scheme with dvuhkilevym plumage and take-off weight 3.75 tons - two GTDAL-34. Dealt with and combat options vintoplana.

In the early 90's studied the possibility of involvement of Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant. Mil in the European project " EUROFAR "Program" Eureka ", which envisaged the creation of VTOL aircraft, similar to the characteristics of the Mi-30, but agreed to work together has not been reached.

Easy Intelligence - attack helicopter Mi-31.

Back in 1988, rumors circulated on the promising lightweight helicopter of "Mi".

Indirectly in this area are confirmed by numerous publications on the LHX in special editions of aviation in the late eighties.

The existence of this project has not yet been confirmed.

Presumably this single machine, in general analogue of the American LHX RAH-66 .

Under the scheme, the likelihood of the Mi-42 pilot's ejection seat, electric remote control system, retractable landing gear, a four-rotor.

rotor diameter of 12 m

total length of 16 m

Takeoff Weight

                      Max 5600 kg

                      Normal 5200 kg

load of about 2000 kg

maximum speed to 370 km / h

flight range of 500 km

armament consists of a 30 mm cannon, ATGM missiles and air-to-air short range.

It is not excluded that the legend of the Mi-31 is based on a real project  Mi-36 .